Chapter 02: The Physical Examination and Its Basis in Physiology Des Jardins: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment of Respiratory Disease, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When would induced hypothermia be indicated? a. During brain surgery b. During bowel surgery c. To break a fever d. To treat carbon monoxide poisoning ANS: A There are times during brain or cardiac surgery that hypothermia is induced to lower the patient’s metabolism so that less oxygen is needed by the body. If a patient has a high fever, measures are taken to lower it but not to the point of hypothermia. Carbon monoxide poisoning is not treated by hypothermia. REF: pp. 11-12 2. A 50-year-old patient has a heart rate by palpation of 120 bpm. How should this be interpreted? a. Within the normal range for an adult b. An error since a stethoscope was not used c. Bradycardia d. Tachycardia ANS: D In an adult, a heart rate of greater than 100/minute is considered to be tachycardia. A heart rate of less than 60/minute in an adult is considered to be bradycardia. Palpation and auscultation are both acceptable to check heart rate. REF: p. 14 3. Tachypnea may be the result of: 1. hypoxemia. 2. hypothermia. 3. fever. 4. sedation. a. 2, 4 b. 1, 3 c. 2, 3, 4 d. 1, 2, 3, 4 ANS: B Tachypnea may be the result of hypoxemia, fever, and other causes. Hypothermia and sedation will usually result in bradycardia. REF: p. 15
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