Chapter 02: Drug Action and Handling Haveles: Applied Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A drug is defined as a biologically active substance that can modify a. the environment. b. the pH of tissue. c. cellular function. d. immune response. ANS: C A drug can modify cellular function. A general understanding of drug action allows the dental hygienist to make informed decisions regarding possible drug interactions or adverse reactions for the patient. It is a concern that discarded drugs may be affecting the environment, but this is not the definition of a drug. Some drugs may have the capacity to modify body compartment pH; however, this is not the definition for a drug. Some drugs may have the capacity to modify the immune response, but this is not the definition of a drug. DIF: Recall REF: Introduction | p. 11 OBJ: 1 TOP: NBDHE, 6.0. Pharmacology 2. In comparing two drugs, the dose-response curve for the drug that is more efficacious would a. be closer to the y-axis. b. be farther from the y-axis. c. have a greater curve heigNht. R I G B.C M d. have a higher median effecUtiveSdosNe (ETD50). O ANS: C Efficacy is an expression of maximum intensity of effect or response that can be produced by a drug. The other choices refer to indicators of drug potency, not efficacy. The potency of a drug is a function of the amount of drug required to produce an effect. The potency of drug is shown by the location of that drug’s curve along the log-dose axis (x-axis). DIF: Comprehension REF: Characterization of Drug Action (Efficacy) | p. 11 OBJ: 1 TOP: NBDHE, 6.0. Pharmacology 3. Administering a drug of greater potency is better because drugs of greater potency do not require as high a dose. a. Both parts of the statement are true. b. Both parts of the statement are false. c. The first part of the statement is true; the second part is false. d. The first part of the statement is false; the second part is true. ANS: D
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